A trend toward digitalization in labor legislation has taken shape across the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), according to a study On Certain Changes in Labor Legislation in CIS Countries in 2025 by the General Confederation of Trade Unions (GCTU). The study materials are available on the website of the international trade union association.

"The analysis of amendments and additions to labor laws in CIS member states reveals a unified trend toward deep digitalization of labor relations, with progressive adaptation of legal regulation to the challenges of the digital era and increasing labor migration," the document states.

Several CIS countries have introduced mandatory electronic registration of employment contracts and launched specialized digital platforms for their management. For example, Azerbaijan has implemented a simplified procedure for concluding employment contracts. Labor relations are now established after the signing of an electronic contract using an advanced electronic signature, which simplifies legal recognition of contracts and amendments. Armenia has also integrated a digital system for concluding employment contracts, allowing them to be signed with an electronic signature; the updated rules took effect on July 1, 2025.

In Kazakhstan, since the beginning of 2025, all employment contracts must be registered electronically in the unified state system "e-Government," designed to simplify oversight and prevent document forgery. The new Labor Code of Kyrgyzstan includes provisions for the use of digital technologies in regulating labor relations. Uzbekistan has legally established procedures for electronic employment contracts within the interdepartmental hardware-software complex "Unified National Labor System."

Other digital tools help monitor and control labor migration. For instance, Kazakhstan has launched the digitalization of labor relations, including mandatory electronic registration of contracts and the allocation of quotas for foreign workers through an electronic exchange. New mechanisms for migrant registration have also been introduced in several regions of Russia. Moscow and the Moscow region are conducting an experiment: foreigners must submit their data for registration via the special mobile app "Amina."

"Changes to labor legislation in CIS member states in 2025 demonstrate a common trend toward strengthening worker rights, digitalizing labor relations, and creating more transparent and controlled conditions for legal labor migration. These legislative innovations reflect a strategy to adapt national labor markets to modern economic challenges," conclude GCTU experts.